• CrossWorks for AVR
    • Preface
      • Introduction
        • What is CrossWorks?
        • What we dont tell you...
        • Release notes
        • Activating your product
        • Text conventions
        • Standard syntactic metalanguage
        • Requesting support and reporting problems
    • CrossStudio Reference
      • CrossStudio Tutorial
        • Creating a project
        • Managing files in a project
        • Setting project options
        • Building projects
        • Exploring projects
        • Using the debugger
        • Low-level debugging
      • Overview
        • The title bar
        • The menu bar
        • The status bar
        • The editing workspace
      • Project management
        • Overview
        • Creating a project
        • Adding existing files to a project
        • Adding new files to a project
        • Removing a file, folder, project, or project link
        • Project properties
        • Project configurations
        • Project dependencies and build order
        • Project macros
      • Building projects
      • Source control
      • Debug expressions
      • Basic editing
        • Navigation
        • Bookmarks
        • Changing text
        • Using the clipboard
        • Drag and drop editing
        • Undo and redo
        • Indentation
        • File management
        • Find and replace
        • Regular expressions
        • Advanced editor features
        • Code templates
      • Memory map editor
      • Package management
      • Linking and section placement
      • CrossStudio Windows
        • Clipboard ring window
        • Breakpoints window
        • Call stack window
        • Execution counts window
        • Find and replace window
        • Globals window
        • Locals window
        • Memory window
        • Memory usage window
        • Register windows
        • Threads window
        • Trace window
        • Watch window
        • Help window
        • Output window
        • Project explorer
        • Properties window
        • Source navigator window
        • Symbol browser
        • Targets window
        • Terminal emulator window
      • Target interfaces
        • AVR simulator target interface
        • Atmel JTAG ICE
        • Atmel JTAGICE mkII
        • Atmel STK500 High Voltage
        • Atmel STK500-ISP/AVRISP
        • Atmel AVRISP mkII
      • Dialogs
        • Debug file search editor
        • Environment Options Dialog
          • Building options
          • Debugging options
          • Environment options
          • Source Control options
          • Text Editor options
          • Language options
      • CrossStudio menu summary
        • File menu
        • New menu
        • Edit menu
        • Clipboard menu
        • Clipboard Ring menu
        • Macros menu
        • Edit Selection menu
        • Bookmarks menu
        • Advanced menu
        • View menu
        • Other Windows menu
        • Browser menu
        • Toolbars menu
        • Search menu
        • Project menu
        • Build menu
        • Debug menu
        • Debug Control menu
        • Breakpoint menu
        • Debug Windows menu
        • Target menu
        • Tools menu
        • Window menu
        • Help menu
    • C Compiler Reference
      • Command line options
        • -D (Define macro symbol)
        • -g (Generate debugging information)
        • -I (Define user include directories)
        • -J (Define system include directories)
        • -msd (Treat double as float)
        • -o (Set output file name)
        • -O (Optimize code generation)
        • -Or- (Disable register allocation)
        • -Org (Register allocation of locals and global addresses)
        • -Orl (Register allocation of locals)
        • -Rc (Set default code section name)
        • -Rd (Set default initialised data section name)
        • -Rk (Set default read-only data section name)
        • -Rv (Set default vector section name)
        • -Rz (Set default zeroed data section name)
        • -V (Version information)
        • -w (Suppress warnings)
        • -we (Treat warnings as errors)
      • Functions
        • Interrupt functions
        • Monitor functions
        • Top-level functions
      • Strings
        • Code-space strings
        • GSM 03.38 strings
      • Pragmas
        • #pragma codeseg
        • #pragma dataseg
        • #pragma constseg
        • #pragma vectorseg
        • #pragma zeroedseg
        • #pragma linklib
      • Data definition
        • Type-based enumerations
      • Section reference
      • Preprocessor
        • Preprocessor predefined symbols
      • Assembly language interface
        • Data representation
        • External naming convention
        • Register usage
        • Parameter passing
        • Returning values
        • Examples
      • Customizing runtime behavior
        • Floating-point implementation
        • Customizing putchar
        • Extending I/O library functions
      • Diagnostics
        • Pre-processor warning messages
        • Pre-processor error messages
        • Compiler warning messages
        • Compiler error messages
      • Extensions summary
    • Tasking Library Tutorial
      • Overview
      • Tasks
      • Event sets
      • Semaphores
      • Message queues
      • Byte queues
      • Global interrupts control
      • Timer support
      • Interrupt service routines
      • Memory areas
    • Library Reference
      • AVR Library Reference
        • <ctl_api.h> - Tasking functions
          • ctl_byte_queue_init
          • ctl_byte_queue_post
          • ctl_byte_queue_post_nb
          • ctl_byte_queue_receive
          • ctl_byte_queue_receive_nb
          • ctl_current_time
          • ctl_events_init
          • ctl_events_set_clear
          • ctl_events_wait
          • ctl_get_current_time
          • ctl_get_ticks_per_second
          • ctl_global_interrupts_disable
          • ctl_global_interrupts_enable
          • ctl_global_interrupts_re_enable_from_isr
          • ctl_global_interrupts_set
          • ctl_global_interrupts_un_re_enable_from_isr
          • ctl_handle_error
          • ctl_increment_tick_from_isr
          • ctl_libc_mutex
          • ctl_memory_area_allocate
          • ctl_memory_area_free
          • ctl_memory_area_init
          • ctl_message_queue_init
          • ctl_message_queue_post
          • ctl_message_queue_post_nb
          • ctl_message_queue_receive
          • ctl_message_queue_receive_nb
          • ctl_semaphore_init
          • ctl_semaphore_signal
          • ctl_semaphore_wait
          • ctl_timeout_wait
          • ctl_task_die
          • ctl_task_executing
          • ctl_task_init
          • ctl_task_list
          • ctl_task_remove
          • ctl_task_reschedule
          • ctl_task_run
          • ctl_task_set_priority
          • ctl_timeout_wait
          • ctl_timeslice_period
        • <cruntime.h> - C runtime support library
          • __int16_asr
          • __int16_asr_asgn
          • __int16_div
          • __int16_div_asgn
          • __int16_lsl
          • __int16_lsl_asgn
          • __int16_lsr
          • __int16_lsr_asgn
          • __int16_mod
          • __int16_mod_asgn
          • __int16_mul
          • __int16_mul_asgn
          • __int16_mul_8x8
          • __int16_to_float32
          • __int32_asr
          • __int32_asr_asgn
          • __int32_div
          • __int32_div_asgn
          • __int32_lsl
          • __int32_lsl_asgn
          • __int32_lsr
          • __int32_lsr_asgn
          • __int32_mod
          • __int32_mod_asgn
          • __int32_mul
          • __int32_mul_asgn
          • __int32_mul_16x16
          • __int32_to_float32
          • __int64_asr
          • __int64_asr_asgn
          • __int64_div
          • __int64_div_asgn
          • __int64_lsl
          • __int64_lsl_asgn
          • __int64_lsr
          • __int64_lsr_asgn
          • __int64_mod
          • __int64_mod_asgn
          • __int64_mul
          • __int64_mul_asgn
          • __int64_mul_32x32
          • __int64_to_float32
          • __float32_add
          • __float32_add_1
          • __float32_add_asgn
          • __float32_div
          • __float32_div_asgn
          • __float32_eq
          • __float32_eq_0
          • __float32_lt
          • __float32_lt_0
          • __float32_mul
          • __float32_mul_asgn
          • __float32_neg
          • __float32_sqr
          • __float32_sub
          • __float32_add_asgn
          • __float32_to_float64
          • __float32_to_int16
          • __float32_to_int32
          • __float32_to_int64
          • __float32_to_uint16
          • __float32_to_uint32
          • __float32_to_uint64
          • __float64_add
          • __float64_add_1
          • __float64_add_asgn
          • __float64_div
          • __float64_div_asgn
          • __float64_eq
          • __float64_eq_0
          • __float64_lt
          • __float64_lt_0
          • __float64_mul
          • __float64_mul_asgn
          • __float64_neg
          • __float64_sqr
          • __float64_sub
          • __float64_add_asgn
          • __float64_to_float32
          • __uint16_div
          • __uint16_div_asgn
          • __uint16_mod
          • __uint16_mod_asgn
          • __uint16_mul_8x8
          • __uint16_to_float32
          • __uint32_div
          • __uint32_div_asgn
          • __uint32_mod
          • __uint32_mod_asgn
          • __uint32_mul_16x16
          • __uint32_to_float32
          • __uint64_div
          • __uint64_div_asgn
          • __uint64_mod
          • __uint64_mod_asgn
          • __uint64_mul_32x32
          • __uint64_to_float32
        • <cross_studio_io.h> - Debug I/O library
          • debug_break
          • debug_clearerr
          • debug_exit
          • debug_fclose
          • debug_feof
          • debug_ferror
          • debug_fflush
          • debug_fgetc
          • debug_fgetpos
          • debug_fgets
          • debug_filesize
          • debug_fopen
          • debug_fprintf
          • debug_fputc
          • debug_fputs
          • debug_fread
          • debug_freopen
          • debug_fscanf
          • debug_fseek
          • debug_setpos
          • debug_ftell
          • debug_fwrite
          • debug_getargs
          • debug_getch
          • debug_getchar
          • debug_getd
          • debug_getenv
          • debug_getf
          • debug_geti
          • debug_getl
          • debug_getll
          • debug_gets
          • debug_getu
          • debug_getul
          • debug_getull
          • debug_kbhit
          • debug_perror
          • debug_printf
          • debug_putchar
          • debug_puts
          • debug_remove
          • debug_rename
          • debug_rewind
          • debug_runtime_error
          • debug_scanf
          • debug_system
          • debug_time
          • debug_tmpfile
          • debug_tmpnam
          • debug_ungetc
          • debug_vfprintf
          • debug_vfscanf
          • debug_vprintf
          • debug_vscanf
        • <ina90.h>-IAR EWA90 compability header
          • _BREAK
          • _CLI
          • _NOP
          • _OPC
          • _SEI
          • _SLEEP
          • _WDR
        • <inavr.h>-IAR EWAVR compability header
          • __bic_SR_register
          • __bis_SR_register
          • __breakpoint
          • __delay_cycles
          • __disable_interrupt
          • __enable_interrupt
          • __insert_opcode
          • __no_operation
          • __save_interrupt
          • __sleep
          • __swap_bytes
          • __swap_nibbles
          • __restore_interrupt
          • __watchdog_reset
        • <pgmspace.h>-IAR compatibility header
          • memcpy_P
          • memcmp_P
          • printf_P
          • puts_P
          • scanf_P
          • snprintf_P
          • sprintf_P
          • strcat_P
          • strcmp_P
          • strcpy_P
          • strlen_P
          • strcat_P
          • strncmp_P
          • strncpy_P
          • sscanf_P
          • vscanf_P
          • vprintf_P
          • vsnprintf_P
          • vsprintf_P
          • vsscanf_P
        • <string_c.h> - String handling
          • memcmp_c
          • memcpy_c
          • strcat_c
          • strcmp_c
          • strcpy_c
          • strlen_c
          • strncat_c
          • strncmp_c
          • strncpy_c
        • <stdio_c.h> - Input/output functions
          • printf_c
          • puts_c
          • scanf_c
          • snprintf_c
          • sprintf_c
          • sscanf_c
          • vprintf_c
          • vscanf_c
          • vsnprintf_c
          • vsprintf_c
          • vsscanf_c
      • AVR Device library
        • <AT76C.h>
        • <AT90CAN128.h>
        • <AT90CAN32.h>
        • <AT90CAN64.h>
        • <AT90PWM2.h>
        • <AT90PWM2B.h>
        • <AT90PWM3.h>
        • <AT90PWM3B.h>
        • <AT90S1200.h>
        • <AT90S2313.h>
        • <AT90S2323.h>
        • <AT90S2343.h>
        • <AT90S4414.h>
        • <AT90S4433.h>
        • <AT90S4434.h>
        • <AT90S8515.h>
        • <AT90S8535.h>
        • <AT90USB1286.h>
        • <AT90USB1287.h>
        • <AT90USB162.h>
        • <AT90USB646.h>
        • <AT90USB647.h>
        • <ATmega128.h>
        • <ATmega1280.h>
        • <ATmega1281.h>
        • <ATmega16.h>
        • <ATmega161.h>
        • <ATmega162.h>
        • <ATmega163.h>
        • <ATmega164P.h>
        • <ATmega165.h>
        • <ATmega165P.h>
        • <ATmega168.h>
        • <ATmega168P.h>
        • <ATmega169.h>
        • <ATmega169P.h>
        • <ATmega2560.h>
        • <ATmega2561.h>
        • <ATmega32.h>
        • <ATmega323.h>
        • <ATmega324P.h>
        • <ATmega325.h>
        • <ATmega3250.h>
        • <ATmega3250P.h>
        • <ATmega325P.h>
        • <ATmega329.h>
        • <ATmega3290.h>
        • <ATmega3290P.h>
        • <ATmega329P.h>
        • <ATmega406.h>
        • <ATmega48.h>
        • <ATmega48P.h>
        • <ATmega64.h>
        • <ATmega640.h>
        • <ATmega644.h>
        • <ATmega644P.h>
        • <ATmega645.h>
        • <ATmega6450.h>
        • <ATmega649.h>
        • <ATmega6490.h>
        • <ATmega8.h>
        • <ATmega8515.h>
        • <ATmega8535.h>
        • <ATmega88.h>
        • <ATmega88P.h>
        • <ATtiny11.h>
        • <ATtiny12.h>
        • <ATtiny13.h>
        • <ATtiny15.h>
        • <ATtiny22.h>
        • <ATtiny2313.h>
        • <ATtiny24.h>
        • <ATtiny25.h>
        • <ATtiny26.h>
        • <ATtiny261.h>
        • <ATtiny28.h>
        • <ATtiny44.h>
        • <ATtiny45.h>
        • <ATtiny461.h>
        • <ATtiny84.h>
        • <ATtiny85.h>
        • <ATtiny861.h>
      • Standard C Library Reference
        • <assert.h> - Diagnostics
          • assert
        • <ctype.h> - Character handling
          • isalnum
          • isalpha
          • isblank
          • iscntrl
          • isdigit
          • isgraph
          • isupper
          • isprint
          • ispunct
          • isspace
          • isupper
          • isxdigit
          • tolower
          • toupper
        • <errno.h> - Errors
          • errno
        • <float.h> - Float numerical limits
        • <limits.h> - Integer numerical limits
          • CHAR_BIT
          • CHAR_MIN
          • CHAR_MAX
          • INT_MIN
          • INT_MAX
          • LLONG_MIN
          • LLONG_MAX